Ubuntu下安装R包时遇到缺乏系统环境依赖的问题

郭联

新装的Ubuntu系统下多次遇到安装R包失败问题，仔细查看报错，应该是系统环境缺乏一些依赖导致。
记录备用。
如下报错：
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lfreetype -lpng16 -ltiff -lz -ljpeg -lbz2
-----------------------------[ ANTICONF ]-------------------------------
Configuration failed to find one of freetype2 libpng libtiff-4. Try installing:
  * deb: libfreetype6-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libjpeg-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
  * rpm: freetype-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
  * csw: libfreetype_dev libpng16_dev libtiff_dev libjpeg_dev (Solaris)
If freetype2 libpng libtiff-4 is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a freetype2 libpng libtiff-4.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
-------------------------- [ERROR MESSAGE] ---------------------------
<stdin>:1:10: fatal error: ft2build.h: 没有那个文件或目录
compilation terminated.
按照指示安装环境依赖：
sudo apt-get install libfreetype6-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libjpeg-dev
有种报错如下：
/usr/bin/ld: 找不到 -llapack
/usr/bin/ld: 找不到 -lblas
找不到llapack 即缺乏liblapack，找不到lblas 即缺乏libblas。
解决：
sudo apt-get install liblapack-dev libblas-dev另外还根据其他报错安装了以下环境依赖。
sudo apt-get install make cmake curl gfortran xml2 fontconfig g++
sudo apt-get install libicu-dev libxml2-dev libbz2-dev libfreetype-dev libfontconfig1-dev libfribidi-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev
sudo apt install libgsl-dev
以下命令可以帮助定位包的名称。如libgdal

apt-cache search libgdal
返回：
libgdal30 - Geospatial Data Abstraction Library
libgdal-dev - Geospatial Data Abstraction Library - Development files
libgdal-grass - GRASS extension for the GDAL library
libgdal-perl - Perl bindings to the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library
libgdal-perl-doc - Documentation for the GDAL Perl bindings
libosmium2-dev - C++ framework for working with OSM data files
运行安装命令：
sudo apt install libgdal-dev

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